\u0160izofr\u0113nija ir hroniska psihiatriska slim\u012bba, kas visbie\u017e\u0101k s\u0101kas jaunu pieaugu\u0161o (~ 20\u201430 gadu) vecum\u0101. Iesp\u0113jam\u012bba, ka dz\u012bves laik\u0101 att\u012bst\u012bsies \u0161izofr\u0113nija, ir 0,3\u20140,7 %, kas var\u0113tu \u0161\u0137ist maz, bet t\u0101 ir bie\u017e\u0101k\u0101 slim\u012bba no psihotisko trauc\u0113jumu grupas! [1]<\/p>\n\n\n\n
K\u0101p\u0113c att\u012bst\u0101s \u0161izofr\u0113nija?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Slim\u012bbas iemesls ir kombin\u0113ts, iedzimt\u012bbas un vides faktoru ietekm\u0113ts. Fiziska, seksu\u0101la un psihoemocion\u0101la vardarb\u012bba, vec\u0101ku zaud\u0113jums b\u0113rn\u012bb\u0101, vec\u0101ki ar atkar\u012bb\u0101m (alkohols, narkotikas), bie\u017ea dz\u012bves vietas mai\u0146a, atkar\u012bbu izraiso\u0161u vielu lieto\u0161ana \u2014 t\u0101 ir vien da\u013ca no vides riska faktoriem. [2]<\/p>\n\n\n\n Interesanti, ka v\u012brie\u0161u dzimumam ir liel\u0101ks risks saslimt ar smag\u0101ku slim\u012bbas formu, bet b\u0113rniem l\u012bdz 13 gadu vecumam \u0161izofr\u0113nija sastopama \u013coti reti. [1]<\/p>\n\n\n\n K\u0101di var b\u016bt simptomi?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Simptomi ir da\u017e\u0101di, un to izpausmes nosaka slim\u012bbas veids, ilgums, \u0101rst\u0113\u0161ana un citu blakusslim\u012bbu (ar\u012b psihiatrisku) ietekme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0160izofr\u0113nijas pacientam var b\u016bt uztveres trauc\u0113jumi (bie\u017e\u0101k dzirdes halucin\u0101ciju veid\u0101), murgainas (ar realit\u0101ti nesaist\u0101mas) idejas, mald\u012bgas p\u0101rliec\u012bbas, nesaprotama runa, nelo\u0123iska dom\u0101\u0161ana, izol\u0113\u0161an\u0101s no sabiedr\u012bbas, intelektu\u0101lo sp\u0113ju samazin\u0101\u0161an\u0101s, uzved\u012bbas izmai\u0146as, k\u0101das cilv\u0113kam l\u012bdz \u0161im nav biju\u0161as rakstur\u012bgas. [1]<\/p>\n\n\n\n Atsp\u0113kojam m\u012btus!<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0160izofr\u0113nijas pacienti ir soci\u0101li izol\u0113ti un nevar iek\u013cauties sabiedr\u012bb\u0101<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n M\u012bts! Cilv\u0113ks, kas \u0101rst\u0113jas, sp\u0113s pietiekami adekv\u0101ti iek\u013cauties sabiedr\u012bb\u0101, apmekl\u0113t skolu, str\u0101d\u0101t lab\u0101 darb\u0101, b\u016bt neatkar\u012bgs ikdienas dz\u012bv\u0113 un neizr\u0101d\u012bt nek\u0101dus klajus \u0161izofr\u0113nijai rakstur\u012bgus simptomus! [3]<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0160izofr\u0113nijas pacients ir b\u012bstams sabiedr\u012bbai<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n Da\u013c\u0113ji m\u012bts! Liel\u0101k\u0101 da\u013ca \u0161izofr\u0113nijas pacientu nav vardarb\u012bgi. \u012asten\u012bb\u0101 ir daudz liel\u0101ka iesp\u0113ja, ka tie\u0161i pret \u0161izofr\u0113nijas pacientu vi\u0146a \u012bpatn\u0113j\u0101s uzved\u012bbas d\u0113\u013c var tikt v\u0113rsta vardarb\u012bba. B\u012bstam\u012bbas risks, protams, past\u0101v, bet tajos gad\u012bjumos, ja slim\u012bba netiek \u0101rst\u0113ta. [3]<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ja man\u0101 \u0123imen\u0113 ir \u0161izofr\u0113nijas pacients, ar\u012b es saslim\u0161u<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n Da\u013c\u0113ji m\u012bts! Ir pier\u0101d\u012bta saist\u012bba, \u012bpa\u0161i dv\u012b\u0146u gad\u012bjum\u0101. [1] Ta\u010du tikai tas, ka \u0123imen\u0113 k\u0101dam ir \u0161izofr\u0113nija, nenoz\u012bm\u0113, ka t\u0101 att\u012bst\u012bsies ar\u012b \u0123imenes locek\u013ciem. Zin\u0101tnieki pie\u013cauj, ka ir vair\u0101ki g\u0113ni, ka paaugstina risku saslimt, bet nav neviena konkr\u0113ta g\u0113na, kas noteikti b\u016btu saist\u0101ms ar slim\u012bbu k\u0101 t\u0101du. [3]<\/p>\n\n\n\n Antipsihoti\u0137i rada atkar\u012bbu<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n M\u012bts! Antipsihoti\u0137i nepiecie\u0161ami, jo \u0161izofr\u0113nija ir hroniska slim\u012bba. Z\u0101\u013cu lieto\u0161ana pal\u012bdz mazin\u0101t simptomu izteikt\u012bbu un bie\u017eumu. [3] Medik\u0101cija ir \u0101rst\u0113\u0161anas st\u016brakmens! [1] Protams, ja medikamentozo terapiju p\u0101rtrauc, simptomi atjaunojas, t\u0101p\u0113c var \u0161\u0137ist, ka bez z\u0101l\u0113m nevar izdz\u012bvot. Ta\u010du tas nav atkar\u012bbas d\u0113\u013c, bet gan slim\u012bbas specifiskuma d\u0113\u013c!<\/p>\n\n\n\n K\u0101 sadz\u012bvot ar \u0161izofr\u0113niju?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Tuvinieku atbalsts<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0160izofr\u0113nijas diagnozi pavada nopietni ar vesel\u012bbu saist\u012bti riski: liel\u0101ka mirst\u012bba, slikt\u0101ka blakusslim\u012bbu uzraudz\u012bba, atkar\u012bbu riski, kognit\u012bvie trauc\u0113jumi, [1] t\u0101p\u0113c ir \u013coti svar\u012bgs gan medic\u012bniskais, gan ar\u012b l\u012bdzcilv\u0113ku atbalsts!<\/p>\n\n\n\n Atsauces<\/p>\n\n\n\n